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Osteoporosis ICD-10 Code Construction Reference

M80 Osteoporosis with current pathological fracture

Character Position	Meaning	Values
4th (Etiology)	Underlying cause	0 = Age-related 8 = Other/secondary
5th (Site)	Fracture location	0/9 = Unspecified 1 = Shoulder 2 = Humerus 3 = Forearm 4 = Hand 5 = Femur 6 = Lower leg 7 = Ankle/foot 8 = Vertebrae
6th (Laterality)	Side	1 = Right 2 = Left 9 = Unspecified X = for site 8
7th (Encounter)	Episode of care	A = Initial D = Subsequent (routine healing) G = Delayed healing K = Nonunion P = Malunion S = Sequela

M81 Osteoporosis with No Current Fracture

Etiology (4th Character)	Description
0	Age-related
6	Localized (e.g., CRPS-1)
8	Other/secondary

No site, laterality, or encounter characters required except M81.6.

M85 Osteopenia

Code	Description
M85.8	Other specified disorders of bone density (includes osteopenia)

Secondary Etiology & Status Codes

Etiology

Clinical Scenario	Primary Code	Required Secondary Codes
Glucocorticoid-induced	M80.8- or M81.8	T38 (adverse effect of glucocorticoids)
Post-oophorectomy	M80.8- or M81.8	Z90.721
Postsurgical malabsorption	M80.8- or M81.8	Z98.84, Z90.3, Z90.49 etc.
Endocrine disorders	M80.8- or M81.8	E21.0, E21.1, E05.90, E24.9 etc.
Active osteoporosis therapy	M80 or M81	Z79.83
Prior healed fracture	M80 or M81	Z87.311

Fall & Mobility Risk

Code	Meaning
Z91.81	History of falling
R29.6	Repeated falls
R26.81	Unsteady gait
R26.89	Other gait abnormalities
Z74.01	Bed/chair confinement

History & Genetics

Code	Meaning
Z82.62	Family history of osteoporosis

Medication use (no causality)

Code	Meaning
Z79.52	Long-term corticosteroids (≥5 mg prednisone ≥3 months)
Z79.811	Aromatase inhibitors
Z79.810	SERMs
Z79.89	Other long-term therapies (e.g., ADT)

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